考研英語真題同源難句精選之狀語從句

　　六、狀語從句

　　【難句35】The engines would have variable nozzles, which would be fully opened on take-off and landing, so that the exhaust would be slow and relatively quiet, and narrowed when the aircraft was cruising, providing the necessary speed. (The Economist Nov. 9, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是主從復(fù)合句。主句為The engines would have variable nozzles。其后的定語從句比較復(fù)雜，以逗號后and為切入點，得到which would be fully opened…and narrowed…，關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞nozzles在從句中作主語。其中so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句so that the exhaust would be slow and relatively quiet說明(nozzles)would be fully opened on take�瞣ff and landing情況發(fā)生時所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，句末的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)providing the necessary speed 作(nozzles)would be narrowed when the aircraft was cruising情況發(fā)生時的伴隨結(jié)果，其中when引導(dǎo)的從句作時間狀語。

　　【參考譯文】引擎將配有各種各樣的尾噴管，在起飛和降落時這些尾噴管會全部打開，這樣噴氣速度會下降，噪音也會更小;而在飛機巡航過程中，尾噴管將變小以保證必要的飛行速度。

　　【難句36】If it decides in favour, the whole industry will feel the impact, for it will affect not just European airlines but all those that fly into and out of the EU. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】以連詞for為切入點，得到兩個并列結(jié)構(gòu)，分別為If it decides in favour, the whole industry will feel the impact和for it will affect not just European airlines but all those that fly into and out of the EU。前一分句中，if引導(dǎo)從句If it decides in favour作條件狀語;后一分句中，謂語affect的賓語部分使用了not just…but…結(jié)構(gòu)，句末的定語從句that fly into and out of the EU修飾先行詞those。

　　【參考譯文】如果意見是肯定的，那么整個民航業(yè)將受到影響，因為這個方案不僅影響歐洲的航線，同樣也對到達(dá)歐洲和飛離歐洲的航線產(chǎn)生作用。

　　【難句37】The business director concentrates on planning and practicality, whether it’s deciding how to change a company’s business strategy or ensuring that everyone attending a meeting can see the overhead projector. (The Sunday Times Jan. 11, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句的主句在逗號前The business director concentrates on planning and practicality，后面的讓步狀語從句由whether引導(dǎo)。在從句中，由or并列了兩個謂語be deciding 和ensuring。decide的賓語由how to do的形式充當(dāng)，ensure的賓語由that引導(dǎo)的名詞性that everyone attending a meeting can see the overhead projector構(gòu)成，注意everyone的后置定語是一個現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可以還原成一個定語從句，who is attending…

　　【參考譯文】商業(yè)導(dǎo)演集中于計劃和實施，不管是決定怎樣改變一個公司的商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略，還是保證每位參加會議的人都能看到頭頂?shù)姆庞硻C。

　　【難句38】Some jobs require specific qualifications but most top employers will take any degree discipline provided you’ve got a first or an upper second from a decent university. (Times Online Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】以but為切入點，定位本句為兩個并列分句Some jobs require specific qualifications but most top employers will take any degree discipline…句末部分的provided引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句provided you’ve got a first or an upper second from a decent university，翻譯為“假如……”。

　　【參考譯文】有些工作需要特別的資格，但大多數(shù)的一流雇主會采取某種程度的原則，即你要在一個不錯的大學(xué)獲得一流或上流的成績。

　　【難句39】Even if the actual instances of mailroom-to-boardroom ascendancy are one in a million, it’s pleasant to think that somewhere out there is a person pushing a mail cart or answering phones who will one day run the company. (Business Week Jan. 29, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】逗號前為even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句Even if the actual instances of mailroom�瞭o�瞓oardroom ascendancy are one in a million，翻譯為“盡管……”，主句為it’s pleasant to…，其中it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。在不定式中，think 的賓語由that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句充當(dāng)。在此從句中，使用了there be句型there is a person…，person后有兩個現(xiàn)在分詞短語作的后置定語 pushing a mail cart和 answering phones…這兩個定語由or并列，句末的定語從句 who will one day run the company也修飾先行詞person，關(guān)系代詞who在從句中代替person作主語。

　　【參考譯文】盡管從傳達(dá)室轉(zhuǎn)到董事會的實際例證只有百萬分之一的比率，但猜想在這之外的某個地方有一個開郵車的人或是接電話的人某天會掌管一個公司是件令人高興的事。